Tar Removal in a Hot Gas Bubble and Spray System for Gas Cleaning in Biomass Gasification
The objective of this project was to develop a tar removal technology which models empirically the effective removal of biomass tar in raw gasification producer gas. Tar removal from the producer gas is a key issue in biomass gasification. In this work, a system has been designed which uses biodiesel to absorb the tars in the producer gas. After this, the tars in the biodiesel are stripped into hot air and carried away to a gasification system. The advantages of the system are the recycling of the biodiesel and the return of the tars to the gasification system to recover their energy. In this paper, the details of this system will be presented and results from the preliminary tests will be discussed. Based on the experimental results, an empirical model was developed to quantify the tar vapour composition in the gas phase in the scrubber. In the model, four major tar components were selected as they are representatives of those generated in a gasifier at Chemical and Process Engineering Department of University of Canterbury, New Zealand. The results from both of the experiments and the model show the system can remove 80 +/- 2 % of the major tar components. The results also show that higher tar removal efficiencies can be achieved with lower absorbing temperatures and higher recycling rates of the biodiesel.